• However, inertial navigation systems (INS) tend to accumulate errors over time, known as "drift," because small errors in acceleration or rotation measurements can compound over long periods. To mitigate this, inertial navigation systems are often used in combination with other navigation methods, such as GPS or visual odometry, for more accurate and stable navigation over longer periods.

    Inertial navigation is widely used in various applications, including:

    • Aerospace: For aircraft and spacecraft navigation.
    • Maritime: For submarines and ships, where GPS signals may not be available.
    • Automotive: In self-driving cars and other autonomous vehicles.
    • Military: For missile guidance and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

     

  • Additionally, inertial measurment units (IMUs) needs to be calibrated in oder to alliviate the sensor drift during GNSS signal outages. High-end sensor calibration can be conducted by means of three-axis turntable.