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@inproceedings{fleischhauer2023etra,
 abstract = {In design work, a common task is the interaction with menus to change the drawing mode. Done frequently, this can become a tedious and fatiguing task, especially for tablets where users physically employ a stylus or finger touch. As our eyes are naturally involved in visual search and acquisition of desired menu items, we propose gaze to shortcut the physical movement. We investigate gaze-based mode-switching for menus in tablets by a novel mode-switching methodology, assessing a gaze-only (dwell-time) and multimodal (gaze and tap) technique, compared to hand-based interaction. The results suggest that users can efficiently alternate between manual and eye input when interacting with the menu; both gaze-based techniques have lower physical demand and individual speed-error trade-offs. This led to a novel technique that substantially reduces time by unifying mode-selection and mode-application. Our work points to new roles for our eyes to efficiently short-cut menu actions during the workflow.},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 articleno = {7},
 author = {Hu Fleischhauer, Yanfei and Surale, Hemant Bhaskar and Alt, Florian and Pfeuffer, Ken},
 booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research \& Applications}},
 doi = {10.1145/3588015.3588409},
 isbn = {9798400701504},
 keywords = {pen, touch, gaze, mode switching, tablet, mobile device, menu interface},
 location = {Tübingen, Germany},
 note = {fleischhauer2023etra},
 numpages = {8},
 publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
 series = {ETRA '23},
 timestamp = {2023.05.30},
 title = {Gaze-Based Mode-Switching to Enhance Interaction with Menus on Tablets},
 url = {https://www.unibw.de/usable-security-and-privacy/publikationen/pdf/fleischhauer2023etra.pdf},
 year = {2023}
}