Visualizing Hybrid Threat Dynamics: An Exploratory Analysis of Cyber Incidents and Physical Conflict Events

2 June 2026

The article “Visualizing Hybrid Threat Dynamics: An Exploratory Analysis of Cyber Incidents and Physical Conflict Events” by Clara-Gabriela Clipea has been published in the CISS Munich Working Paper Series. The study examines the relationship between cyber operations as an element of hybrid threats and patterns of political violence at both the global and country levels.

Using data from the European Repository of Cyber Incidents (EuRepoC) and the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) from 2020 to 2025, the paper applies visualization-based analysis to identify temporal and geopolitical patterns in cyber and kinetic activity. The findings provide insights relevant for hybrid threat monitoring, risk assessment, and crisis early warning.

The article can be downloaded here.

More information on the Working Paper Series of CISS Munich can be found here.

Picture: CISS